Understanding the Difference Between a Class 3 Oxidized Shingle Roof and a Class 4 SBS Roof

When it comes to choosing the right roof for your home, impact resistance and durability are two of the most important factors to consider. For homeowners looking for a roofing system that can withstand extreme weather conditions like hail and high winds, the roofing material you choose will play a key role in the longevity and protection of your home.

Two common roofing options are Class 3 oxidized shingles and Class 4 SBS (Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene) roofs. Both roofing types offer varying levels of performance and protection, but they differ significantly in terms of their composition, cost, and impact resistance. This article will break down the differences between the two, helping you make an informed decision about which roofing option is right for you.

What Is Class 3 Oxidized Shingles?

Class 3 oxidized shingles are commonly used in asphalt roofing systems. They are called "oxidized" shingles because they undergo a process that involves the oxidation of the asphalt, which hardens the material. This gives the shingles a certain level of durability and resistance to weathering. These shingles are typically designed to offer moderate protection against wear and tear, but their ability to resist impacts is more limited compared to other roofing systems.

In UL 2218 impact resistance testing, Class 3 shingles are capable of withstanding the impact of 1.5-inch diameter hailstones (approximately 0.5 ounces) falling at a speed of 20 miles per hour. While they provide solid protection for moderate climates, Class 3 oxidized shingles may not offer enough resistance to protect against larger hailstones or severe storm damage.

Advantages of Class 3 Oxidized Shingles:

• Affordable: Oxidized shingles are typically less expensive than other roofing options, making them an attractive choice for homeowners on a budget.

• Good for Mild Climates: These shingles provide adequate protection for homes in regions with mild weather and occasional storms.

• Widely Available: Class 3 oxidized shingles are one of the most common roofing materials used across the country, and they can be easily installed by most contractors.

Limitations of Class 3 Oxidized Shingles:

• Limited Impact Resistance: While they can withstand moderate hail and debris, Class 3 oxidized shingles do not offer the level of protection needed in areas prone to severe hailstorms or extreme weather events.

• Shorter Lifespan: Oxidized shingles tend to have a shorter lifespan compared to more durable options, meaning homeowners may face repairs or replacements sooner.

What Is Class 4 SBS Roofs?

A Class 4 SBS (Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene) roof is a modified bitumen roofing system that provides a much higher level of impact resistance. SBS is a rubberized form of asphalt that is enhanced with a polymer to increase its flexibility, durability, and elasticity. This makes SBS roofs highly resistant to extreme weather conditions, including large hail, high winds, and fluctuating temperatures.

In UL 2218 testing, Class 4 SBS roofs must be able to withstand the impact of 2-inch diameter hailstones (approximately 1 ounce) falling at a speed of 20 miles per hour. This superior impact resistance makes Class 4 SBS roofs an ideal choice for homeowners in areas that experience frequent or severe hailstorms and other extreme weather conditions.

Advantages of Class 4 SBS Roofs:

• Superior Impact Resistance: Class 4 SBS roofs can handle large hailstones and extreme weather conditions, providing exceptional protection in hail-prone regions.

• Long Lifespan: The durability and flexibility of SBS systems mean that they often last longer than standard asphalt shingles, resulting in fewer repairs and replacements.

• Insurance Discounts: Many insurance providers offer discounts on homeowners' premiums for homes with Class 4 impact-resistant roofs, making them a cost-effective option in the long term.

• Weather Resistance: In addition to resisting impact, SBS roofs are highly resistant to temperature extremes, high winds, and other environmental factors, making them a great option for areas with diverse and unpredictable weather.

Limitations of Class 4 SBS Roofs:

• Higher Initial Cost: While Class 4 SBS roofs offer superior protection, they are generally more expensive than Class 3 oxidized shingles, both in terms of materials and installation.

• Not Necessary for Mild Climates: In areas with minimal risk of severe hail or harsh weather, a Class 4 roof may be an overinvestment. A Class 3 roof may be sufficient for homes in such climates.

Key Differences Between Class 3 Oxidized Shingles and Class 4 SBS Roofs

Feature	Class 3 Oxidized Shingles	Class 4 SBS Roof
Impact Resistance	Withstands 1.5-inch hailstones at 20 mph	Withstands 2-inch hailstones at 20 mph
Durability	Moderate durability, prone to wear and tear over time	High durability, flexible, and long-lasting
Weather Resistance	Limited resistance to severe weather conditions	Excellent resistance to extreme weather, including hail, wind, and temperature fluctuations
Cost	Lower initial cost	Higher initial cost due to enhanced materials and installation
Lifespan	Shorter lifespan, typically 15-20 years	Longer lifespan, typically 30+ years
Insurance Premium Discounts	Typically does not qualify for insurance discounts	Often qualifies for insurance premium discounts due to its high impact resistance
Best For	Moderate climates with mild weather and occasional storms	Severe climates prone to extreme weather, frequent hailstorms, and high winds

Which Roofing System Is Right for You?

Choosing between Class 3 oxidized shingles and a Class 4 SBS roof depends largely on the climate you live in, your budget, and your priorities for long-term protection.

1. Class 3 Oxidized Shingles – If you live in a region with mild weather and occasional storms, Class 3 oxidized shingles may be a cost-effective and adequate solution. These shingles provide good protection for moderate conditions and are widely available at an affordable price point. However, they may not be able to withstand larger hailstorms or severe weather.

2. Class 4 SBS Roof – If your home is located in an area that experiences frequent or severe hailstorms, high winds, or extreme temperatures, a Class 4 SBS roof is a superior choice. The added impact resistance, longer lifespan, and overall durability make this roofing option a worthwhile investment, especially in areas where weather-related damage is a concern. Though the initial cost is higher, it can lead to savings over time, especially with potential insurance discounts and fewer repairs.

Conclusion

Both Class 3 oxidized shingles and Class 4 SBS roofs offer distinct advantages, but they are suited to different needs and climates. Class 3 oxidized shingles are an affordable, reliable choice for homes in mild climates with minimal risk of severe weather, while Class 4 SBS roofs provide unparalleled protection against extreme weather conditions, including large hail and high winds.

Understanding the difference between these two roofing systems and considering the unique weather conditions in your area can help you make an informed decision that offers the best balance of protection, durability, and value for your home.